Let’s Re-Establish Native Lupines in Maine

Boothbay Region Garden Club’s new logo (below) is an expression of life and gardening in the Boothbay region of Maine.  Three beautiful lighthouses—Burnt Island light, Cuckold’s, and Ram Island—marked sailors’ entry to our region over the centuries.  Hendrick’s Head Light warned of rocks on our western border.

Our logo has three important native wildflowers. The first is native lupine, also known as sundial lupine.  Maine is famous for its seasonal show of lupines.  Nearly all are, unfortunately, not the native Lupinus perennis which is harder to find in Maine.   Our native lupine is the host plant for the endangered Karner Blue Butterfly (Plebejus samuelis), which is now extinct from our state.  Boothbay Region Garden Club chose the native lupine to call attention to the importance of re-establishing both species in our area and in Maine.

Another native wildflower is the Red and yellow native Eastern Columbine (Aquilegia canadensis) which is a favorite early bloomer for hummingbirds and butterflies…and humans.  And our third choice is Rudbeckia, several of which are native to Maine and can be seen in meadows, gardens and along our interstates.

The Maine native lupine is no longer found growing wild in the state, but has been re-introduced in small areas in southern Maine.
Please join us in our mission to re-establish the Maine native lupine in its proper home.

This native lupine is an essential plant for the Karner Blue butterfly which no longer resides in Maine due to habitat loss and loss of the sundial lupine. Bringing back the native Lupine can create an environment where these butterflies may also be re-established.

In the meantime, the sundial lupine does act as a host plant for other Maine butterflies, including the eastern tailed blue, gray hairstreak butterfly and the clouded sulphur butterfly.

Unlike the sundial, the non-native western lupine (Lupinus polyphyllus), which is prolific along Maine’s highways, does not seem to act as a host plant for any of Maine’s butterflies.

STEP ONE:
Where to find sundial lupine (Lupinus perennis) seeds and plants for sale?

Online

Prairie Moon Nursery at https://www.prairiemoon.com

Wild Seed Project at https://wildseedproject.net/

Southern Maine

Central + North Central Maine

Downeast Maine

STEP TWO: Seeding Instructions for Sundial Lupine (Lupinus Perennis)

Sundial Lupines sprouting.

  1. Time frame is the end of February, Early March.
  2. Use 3-3/4” pots.  The 4” pots waste planting medium.
  3. Moisten planting medium with enough water to make it feel like a damp sponge.
  4. Fill pots with potting mix.
  5. Place 5 seeds per pot on top of mixture.
  6. Cover with 1/4” to 1/2” of sand.
  7. Water pots. DO NOT FERTILIZE.
  8. Put pots in trays and place them outside ASAP. Raise the tray a bit above ground (use rocks, pieces of wood).
  9. Place them in shady, semi-shady area so they are thoroughly exposed to snow, rain, wind, etc.  This will allow them to be *scarified and *stratified.
  10. Best to cover with a piece of hardware cloth ( or very open boughs) if possible to prevent wildlife interference. Boughs need to let snow and rain to reach the pots.
  11. Watch for germination in mid April. Remove hardware cloth (or boughs).
  12. When most have germinated move  them into a sunny area. Watch the weather and water as needed until planted.FOOTNOTE: *Scarified — The breaking down of the seed coat either by environmental or mechanical means.
    * Stratified — The exposure to cold temperatures for a certain length of time.

STEP THREE: Planting Instructions for Sundial Lupine 

  • Sundial lupine have long taproots, so plant them mid-May to mid-June in a sunny, sandy spot.  Later times can jeopardize the success.
  • Before planting, lightly water the pot to help hold the soil together. Remove the soil and plant together as a whole from each pot. DO NOT SEPARATE PLANTS. Plant as a group that germinated in the pot.
  • Water plants thoroughly and then water and weed as needed for their first growing season. Remember, DO NOT FERTILIZE.
  • The plants will occasionally flower their first season in July, August. From then on, they will flower in May/June.

***Many thanks to the Bar Harbor Garden Club in Maine for sharing their Sundial Lupine Project.  This project was awarded the Maine Arts Commission Bicentennial Grant.

****Other information about native lupines can be found HERE  and HERE